La radicalité du manger

Authors

  • Alžbeta Kuchtová Institute of Philosophy, Slovak Academy of Sciences, vvi.
  • Rui Matsuba University Doshisha, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2023.1041

Keywords:

Levinas, manger, hunger

Abstract

Nous vivons aujourd’hui dans un monde où notre manière de manger est mise à la question du point de vue moral. Nous avons besoin d'une éthique du manger, nous avons à juger du bien ou du mal des différents points de vue – carnivorisme, végétalisme, véganisme, etc. – et à différents niveaux – libéralisme et élevage, droits des animaux, etc. La surconsommation et le gaspillage alimentaire posent toujours problème dans la société capitaliste contemporaine et provoquent des crises économiques et environnementales. Mais nous posons rarement la question fondamentale de savoir ce qu’est le manger ou, plutôt, celles de savoir quel est le rapport, dans l’acte de manger ou dans l’alimentation, entre le mangeant qui vit du mangé et le mangé qui nourrit le mangeant, comment le mangé se transmue en mangeant et, surtout, la question de savoir si le manger n’est pas un acte spécifiquement humain. Ces questions sont essentielles à quiconque se demanderait ce qu’une “éthique du manger” désigne du point de vue philosophique1. Nous voudrions ici tenter de répondre à cette série de questions. Notre but est de montrer que le sujet (le mangeant) et l’objet qu’il mange (le mangé) ne sont pas distincts l’un de l’autre et que la dichotomie qu’on dresse entre eux n’a lieu qu’après une opération subjective et artificielle, d’origine humaine. Cette dichotomie est au fondement de la hiérarchie qui prévaut dans le monde anthropocentrique, et que nous voudrions questionner.

Author Biography

Alžbeta Kuchtová, Institute of Philosophy, Slovak Academy of Sciences, vvi.

Researcher, Doctor

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Published

2024-04-12

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 1/2 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Alzbeta Kuchtova, Rui Matsuba

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